New York City reports a 200% increase in pertussis cases
New York City health officials report a citywide increase in pertussis, or whooping cough cases in 2023-2024, with approximately 244 reported cases from October 1, 2023, through January 31, 2024.
This is nearly a 200% increase in cases compared to the same period in 2022-2023.
Cases have included a mix of unvaccinated individuals (mostly infants), vaccinated individuals (primarily school-aged children), and individuals with unknown vaccination history (mostly adults).
Nine cases have been hospitalized during this period.
Pertussis typically begins with nonspecific upper respiratory symptoms lasting 7-10 days, followed by cough. The cough may include persistent paroxysms (coughing fits), an inspiratory “whoop,” apnea, and post-tussive vomiting. Older children and adults and people who are vaccinated may have milder symptoms. Complications include rib fracture, pneumonia, encephalitis, and death.
Antibiotics can reduce symptom severity and transmission if given early; treat people ages >1 year within 3 weeks of cough onset and infants <1 year and pregnant women within 6 weeks of cough onset. Treatment beyond this period is not recommended.
Vaccination is the most important way to prevent serious complications of pertussis. Children should complete the routine five-dose DTaP vaccine series along with an adolescent Tdap booster.
Adults who have not received Tdap should get one dose of Tdap, followed thereafter by a Td or Tdap booster shot every 10 years.
Pregnant women should receive Tdap during every pregnancy, ideally between 27-36 weeks gestation to maximize passive antibody transfer from mother to infant to provide protection during the infant’s first two months of life.